Div Yezh

Logo of Model: Div Yezh
General context
Sphere of activities	Promotion and defense of French-Breton bilingual teaching at the public school
Zone of influence	Historical Brittany
Card-index identity
Founder	Jakez Cosquer
Legal form	Association law 1901
Foundation	1979
Sit central	Rostrenen, Coast-in Armor
Character (S) key	Paul Molac, President
Financing	local government agencies (area and departments), adhesions
Slogan	Div Yezh, Div Chañs and Two languages to grow
Internet site	Site of Div Yezh

Div Yezh (into Breton: two languages) is an association, gathering parents of pupils for the teaching of Breton at the public school.

Synopsis 1 History 2 Presidents de Div Yezh 3 Financing and organization 4 Values 5 Actions 6 Difficulties 7 Collaborations 8 FLAREP, conferences 9 Distinctions 10 Notes and references 11 internal Bonds 12 external Bonds

Historical

Association was created in 1979 pennies the impulse in particular of Jakez Cosquer, under the name Association of Parents of Raised for the Teaching of Breton (APEEB). It is only into 1983 that the first bilingual dies open in Rennes, Lannion and Saint-Rivoal. Indeed, in 1982, the Savary circular authorizes the installation of a die of bilingual classes. New institutional projection in September 2001: Jack Lang, Minister for state education writes two circulars (2001-167 ) recognizing the educational interest of a bilingualism regional French-language and indicating the details of implementation of this teaching.

Association will change name in the Nineties to become Div Yezh. The whole of the bilingual die represents today 5424 pupils of the nursery school to the college (returned 2009).

Presidents de Div Yezh

Name	Mandate
Paul Molac	Since 2001
Alan Ar Gall	1996-2001
Michel Sohier	1992-1996
Jean-Yves Broudic	1984-1992
Jakez Cosquer	1979-1984

Financing and organization

Div Yezh is a non-profit-making association governed by the law of 1901, it federates about fifty local associations, which were created following the creation of the bilingual classes Breton/French in the public schools. It is managed by a board of directors. Its current president is Paul Molac (2005). The general meeting is joined together every year in October or November. The place of AG, which changes each year, is generally a commune where exists a bilingual die. The seat of association is in Rostrenen, and 3 paid organizers work on the whole of the Breton territory (5 departments) on the development projects of new bilingual dies. It is financed mainly by the district council of Brittany, and the general advices of Morbihan, Finistere, Coast-in Armor and Ille-et-Vilaine. It publishes three times per annum a magazine Div Yezh er Skolioù, intended for its members, but also for the whole of the actors concerned with teaching (parents, elected officials, associations, administration). The magazine is entirely bilingual Breton and French, the same place is granted to the 2 languages.

Values

Div Yezh is an association of parents of pupils of public education and, for this reason, it is attached to the principles of secularity. It is related to any religion, no trade union or party. Association affirms the need for respecting the dignity and the value of the human person, fundamental freedoms and in particular linguistic diversity. She condemns any behavior and speeches racist or xenophobe or preaching exclusion.

Association has as goals defense of the pupils who learn how or wish to learn the Breton one, the Breton culture, is informed or wishes to be informed by the means of the Breton language. It thus defends as well the options of languages and cultures regional that the bilingual dies known as immersives (i.e. where the regional language is used to teach the nonlinguistic matters) in the schools, colleges and public lycées. Its main aim is however to offer the possibility of a bilingual teaching, within the usual school framework, for all the pupils who wish it in Brittany. The safeguard of the Breton language is the finality of this policy, the practice generalized of the language as of early childhood by the greatest number being the means of achieving this goal. The assets of a different pedagogy, centered on two languages and of an early bilingualism are also arguments defended by the parents.

Div Yezh wishes the development of bilingual dies in the greatest number of schools. She prefers to keep when it is possible a traditional cohabitation die/bilingual die, thus privileging the possibility with the greatest number of having the choice in her own school. There exist however three public schools where the whole of the pupils are out of bilingual die. One is located in Finistere at St Rivoal (village of 171 hab. in 2006). The bilingual die which accomodates children of several surrounding communes opened during school year 1982/1983. It allowed the maintenance of the public school of the commune. And two others are in the Coasts of Armor at Pabu close to Guingamp and Lannion (school St Roch).

Actions

Div Yezh accompanies the parents by pupils, and the town halls for creations of new bilingual dies. It organizes the promotion of this type of teaching. It supports the files of opening of new bilingual dies and the requests of additional positions of the parents. Association belongs to the CALR (the Council Academic Of Lanques Régionales) and it is entitled today by State education as an association of parents of pupils. The CALR is an advisory commission of the joint committee type like CAEN (Committee Academic of State education) or the CTPA (Academic Equal Technical Commissions). The CALR was created in 2001 per Jack lang. It is the only joint committee where Div Yezh as such is present. The CALR is composed of three colleges. The joined together first of the members of the administration of State education. The vice-chancellor or his representative is Chairman. The Inspectors of Academy and the inspectors teaching are present like different administrative Vice-chancellorship. In this college, one finds also politicians. The second college joins together the trade unions representative (FSU, SGEN) and associations of parents (FCPE-URAPEL). The third college associates the religious organizations. One finds there three associations Dihun, Div Yezh and Diwan, which join to develop the teaching of Breton and the UGB, union of the teachers of Breton. It organizes or takes share in demonstrations or actions concerning the defense of the Breton language, or the defense of the public school. It also organizes in communes where a bilingual offer exists or is in project, of the conferences and the debates on early bilingualism or bilingual teaching in general. Professor Gilbert Dalgalian, who is researcher into didactic languages, doctor in linguistics, and old directing teaching of the Alliance Fran1caise, is regularly solicited for these conferences. Local associations of Div Yezh, organize events locally (festoù-noz, festoù-deiz, concerts, gone), to obtain funds to help the projects of the bilingual classes (left school), to buy teaching equipment or to make the promotion of the die.

Difficulties

The development of bilingual teaching does not go as quickly as association wishes it. The main brakes with its development are:

• the refusal of openings of new dies of primary education by the inspections of academies, the lack of bilingual teachers in the academies concerned,
• conditions of teaching (charged manpower, problems of replacements, utiliation of temporary professor of the schools)
• the unfavourable town halls, which refuse the opening of such dies, and those which refuse to provide education for in their commune the children who come from external communes
• teaching teams in the schools which do not wish to see of bilingual fiière in their school.

Collaborations

In its work Div Yezh is brought to collaborate with:

• partners of teaching bilingual (association Dihun Breizh, Diwan schools, union of the teachers of Breton (UGB). They are joined together within the commission teaching of the cultural council of Brittany (KSB),
• partners of the public school (the FCPE, which gave an opinion in favour of bilingual teaching at the time of the national congress of Pessac, in 2000 ),
• the teaching trade unions (in particular FSU, the SGEN which are present at the CALR),
• Rear Ofis Brezhoneg (the office of the Breton language) in the education job near the institutions, especially of the town halls,
• religious organizations,
• the institutions (town halls, territorial collectivities, state education)

the FLAREP, conferences

Div Yezh is in addition member of the FLAREP (Federation for the regional languages in public education) which gathers main associations or federations of parents of pupils and/or of teachers who work with the development of the regional languages in the public service of education. A conference of the FLAREP is organized every year on a territory of France where there exists a public bilingual offer, Div Yezh is thus brought to organize this conference all the 6 to 8 years. The last conference of the FLAREP having taken place in Brittany proceeded in 2003 in Ploemeur, the Breton arts centre and Celtic Amzer Nevez.

Conferences FLAREP in Brittany	Place	Date	Topic
4th	Douarnenez (Finistere)	October 1990
10th	Rostrenen (Coasts D' Armor)	26 and October 27, 1996	The bilingual child in his environment
17th	Center Amzer Nevez - Ploemeur (Morbihan)	from the 25 at October 27, 2003	What an overall linguistic policy?

Distinctions

Association Div Yezh received the first price in the Prizioù of France 3 West ^{Notes and references}

internal Bonds

• Bilingual classes French-Breton public

external Bonds

• official site
• Site of the FLAREP
• Ofis Ar Brezhoneg - Office of the Breton language
• The Cultural Council of Brittany

v · D · m Breton language - Ar brezhoneg
History of the Breton one	Evolutions of the Breton one Brittonique Breton old man Breton means Historical documents Manuscript of Leyde Fragments of Bignan Catholicon Barzaz Breiz Bro gozh my zadoù	Spilhennig
Linguistics	Dialects of the Breton one Cornouaillais Léonard Trégorrois Vannetais Breton bas-vannetais Breton of Batz-on-Sea Chon Tunodo Grammar of the Breton one Orthography of the Breton one Changes of the Breton one Controversies on the Breton one Geriadur brezhoneg Year Young stag Business of the Breton dictionary Linguists Roparz Hemon Pierre Trépos Francis Favereau Large Jules Eugene Chalm
Inheritance of the Breton language	Teaching of the Breton one Diwan Div Yezh Dihun Rear Unvaniezh Gelennerion Brezhoneg Skol Year Emsav Bilingualism Stumdi Recognition of the Breton one Order of Hermine Office of the Breton language Ya rear brezhoneg Cultural institute of Brittany Prizioù Breton literature Writers Reviews into Breton Publishers of Brittany Others Ar Redadeg
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